American Association of Feed Control Officials - List of Enzymes Used in Animal Feeds
Proposed Enzymes/Source Organisms Acceptable for Use in Animal Feeds
In the case of microbial enzymes, it is understood that they are produced from nonpathogenic and nontoxigenic strains.
Classification/Name
Source Organism
Substrate
Function
Current Supported Use
Carbohydrases
alpha-Amylase
Animal pancreatic tissue
Aspergillus niger, var.
Aspergillus oryzae, var.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Bacillus lentus
Bacillus licheniformis
Bacillus licheniformis containing a Bacillus stearothermophilus genefor alpha-Amylase
Bacillus stearothermophilus
Bacillus subtilis, var.
Bacillus subtilis containing a Bacillus megaterium genefor alpha-Amylase
Bacillus subtilis containing a Bacillus stearothermophilus gene for alpha-Amylase
Barley malt
Rhizopus niveus
Rhizopus oryzae, var.
corn silage, corn, soybean, meal, wheat, barley
hydrolyzes starch
increases digestibility of starch in pig and poultry diets
Maltogenic alpha-Amylase
Bacillus subtilis containing a
Bacillus stearothermophilus gene for Maltogenic alpha-Amylase
cereals, tubers and legumes
hydrolyzes starch with production of maltose
beta-Amylase
Barley malt
cereals, tubers and legumes
hydrolyzes starch with production of maltose
Cellulase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Humicola insolens
Trichoderma longibrachiatum
(formerly reesei)
corn, barley, wheat, wheat bran, rye, milo
breaks down cellulose
increases digestibility of fiber in ruminant and non-ruminant diets
alpha-Galactosidase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Mortierella vinaceae var.
raffinoseutilizer
Saccharomyces sp.
sweet lupin, soy bean meal
hydrolyzes oligosaccharides
increases digestibility of residual oligosaccharides and disaccharides in pig diets, thus increasing energy value of feed.
beta-Glucanase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Bacillus lentus
Bacillus subtilis, var.
Humicola insolens
Trichoderma longibrachiatum
(formerly reesei)
wheat, barley, canola meal, wheat byproduct, oat groats, rye, triticale
hydrolysis of b-glucans, a type of nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP)
reduction of digest viscosity in poultry diets; decreases anti-nutritional effects of NSP; reduces soluble NSP in disgesta
?Glucosidase
Aspergillus niger
plants with oligo-saccharides
hydrolyzes cellulose degradation products to glucose
Glucoamylase
also known as amlyo- glucosidase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Aspergillus oryzae, var.
Rhizopus niveus
Rhizopus oryzae, var.
wheat
hydrolyzes starch with production of glucose
more complete digestion (improved energy availability) of starch in immature animals
Hemicellulase
Aspergillus aculeatus
Aspergillus niger, var.
Bacillus lentus
Bacillus subtilis, var.
Humicola insolens
Trichoderma longibrachiatum
(formerly reesei)
milo, corn, barley, rye, wheat, oats, legumes
breaks down hemicellulose
reduction of digesta viscosity; decrease nutritional effects of NSP; reduces soluble NSP in digesta; increases digestibility of hemicelluloses in the feed, thus increasing the energy value of feed; reduction in stickiness of excreted digesta in poultry
Invertase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Saccharomyces sp.
plants with sucrose
hydrolyzes sucrose to glucose and fructose
Lactase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Aspergillus oryzae, var.
Candida pseudotropicalis
Kluyveromyces marxianis var.lactis (formerly Saccharomyces sp.)
animal source lactose
hydrolyzes lactose to glucose and galactose
beta-Mannanase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Bacillus lentus
Trichoderma longibrachiatum
cereals and legumes
hydrolyzes b -mannans, a component of hemicellulose
reduction of anti-nutritive beta-mannans; reduction of digesta viscosity; increases digestibility of mannans in the feed to improve energy value of feed; reduction in stickiness of excreted digesta in poultry
Pectinase
Aspergillus aculeatus
Aspergillus niger, var.
Rhizopus oryzae
corn, wheat
breaks down pectin
more complete hydrolysis (digestion) of pectins in wheat and corn in piglet diets
Pullulanase
Bacillus acidopullulyticus
Bacillus licheniformis contain-
ing Bacillus deramificans
gene for pullulanse
cereals and legumes
hydrolyzes starch
Xylanase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Bacillus lentus
Bacillus subtilis, var.
Humicola insolens
Trichoderma longibrachiatum
(formerly reesei)
milo, corn, barley, rye, wheat, oats
hydrolyzes xylans, a components of hemicellulose
reduction of digesta viscosity; decreases anti-nutritional effects of NSP; reduces soluble NSP in digesta
LIPASES
Lipase
Animal pancreatic tissue
Aspergillus niger, var.
Aspergillus oryzae, var.
Candida rugosa (formerly
cylindracea)
Edible forestomach of calves, kids and lambs
Rhizomucor (Mucor-) miehei
Rhizopus oryzae
plant and animal sources of fats and oils
hydrolyzes triglycerides
PROTEASES
Bromelain
Pineapples - stem,
- fruit
plant and animal protein
hydrolyzes proteins
Ficin
Figs
plant and animal protein
hydrolyzes proteins
Papain
Papaya
plant and animal protein
hydrolyzes proteins
Pepsin
Porcine or other animal stomachs
plant and animal protein
hydrolyzes proteins
Protease (general)
Aspergillus niger, var.
Aspergillus oryzae, var.
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Bacillus licheniformis
Bacillus subtilis, var.
sweet lupin, soybean meal, corn, canola
hydrolyzes proteins;
hydrolysis of proteins in feed ingredients in pig and poultry diets
Trypsin
Animal pancreas
plant and animal protein
hydrolyzes proteins
OXIDOREDUCTASES
Catalase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Micrococcus lysodeikticus
hydrogen peroxide
produces water and oxygen from hydrogen peroxide
Glucose Oxidase
Aspergillus niger, var.
glucose
degrades glucose to hydrogen peroxide and gluconic acid
PHOS-PHATASES
Phytase
Aspergillus niger, var.
Aspergillus oryzae, var.
corn, soybean meal, plant byproducts
hydrolyzes phytate
increases digestibility of phytin-bound phosphorus in swine and poultry diets
中国酶制剂网 www.cnenzyme.com
